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Riding Sword
This was the classic fighting tool of the medieval knight. The average arming sword was approximately 32 to 42 inches in length and weighed 2.5 to 3.5 pounds. The combination of size, weight and balance made it excellent for both cutting and thrusting. This unique example is copied from an Italian sword of the 16th century. It features an ornate pommel made of bronze and a curved steel guard.
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Great Sword
The great sword or “bastard sword” as it was sometimes called was designed for fighting on foot. The two-handed grip and large pommel balanced the weight of the blade and made it a fast and deadly weapon against a variety of opponents. This example of a 16th century German great sword is 4 feet long and weighs approximately 4.3 pounds.
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Rapier
During the late 16th century, the rapier was the personal sidearm of a gentleman when he was out in public. The blade was longer and lighter than that of a riding sword and the elegant swept hilt made it a status symbol of a man's rank and wealth. When fighting, it was often used with a matching dagger.
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Pollaxe
The name pollaxe comes from the word "poll" meaning "head". It often featured reinforcing strips of steel on the forward end of the shaft called langets. The pollaxe was capable of cutting, thrusting and smashing, making it an ideal weapon for a knight fighting on foot. Ranging in length from approximately 5 to 6 feet, it allowed the user to attack and defend while keeping his distance from the opponent. A knight skilled with this weapon was very difficult to defeat.
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Mace
Elegant yet deadly, the mace was the perfect choice for crushing bones and smashing armor. Often decorated with elaborate sculpting, the mace was also a symbol of authority. This example is of Gothic design from the 15th century.
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War Hammer
The war hammer was a popular and efficient impact weapon. Although many variations existed, most war hammers featured a steel head with spikes mounted on a hardwood shaft. The top spike was excellent for thrusting if used while fighting on foot.
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Horseman's Axe
The axe was a favorite weapon of the mounted knight. Light and swift, the blade could hack or slash and the long rear spike could penetrate weaker defences. This 16th century example features a blade with a bat-winged design.
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Flail
The flail was one of the most brutal weapons of the middle ages. The chain added speed and force when striking. One of the more difficult weapons to master, it required strength and perfect timing. This example of a German flail has a unique chain design adding to its menacing appearance.
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